From c7fe4faf1aab7bd121763380c10be86d95a80333 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Matthias Nott <mnott@mnsoft.org> Date: Sun, 22 Mar 2026 17:21:58 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] fix: Q71 answer correction, Q39 wording, remove bogus Oswald terms --- SPL Exam Questions EN/60 - Navigation.md | 68 +++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 34 deletions(-) diff --git a/SPL Exam Questions EN/60 - Navigation.md b/SPL Exam Questions EN/60 - Navigation.md index cfe1761..5f84443 100644 --- a/SPL Exam Questions EN/60 - Navigation.md +++ b/SPL Exam Questions EN/60 - Navigation.md @@ -130,9 +130,7 @@ #### Key Terms -- **S** — Wing Area — total planform area of the wings S — Wing Area — total planform area of the wings - ### Q8: At what positions are the two polar circles located? ^t60q8 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q8) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q8) @@ -189,7 +187,8 @@ #### Key Terms -NM = Nautical Mile(s) +- **e** — Oswald Efficiency Factor — wing efficiency factor (1.0 for ideal elliptical lift distribution) +- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) ### Q11: Point A lies at exactly 47°50'27''N latitude. Which point is precisely 240 NM north of A? ^t60q11 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q11) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q11) @@ -271,7 +270,8 @@ #### Key Terms -NM = Nautical Mile(s) +- **e** — Oswald Efficiency Factor — wing efficiency factor (1.0 for ideal elliptical lift distribution) +- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) ### Q15: How much time elapses as the sun traverses 20° of longitude? ^t60q15 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q15) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q15) @@ -311,9 +311,7 @@ #### Key Terms -- **D** — Drag D — Drag - ### Q17: The sun traverses 10° of longitude. What is the corresponding time difference? ^t60q17 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q17) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q17) @@ -628,6 +626,7 @@ #### Key Terms +- **W** — Weight — force due to gravity acting on the aircraft (W = m × g) - **CH** = Compass Heading - **DEV** = Compass Deviation - **MH** = Magnetic Heading @@ -887,10 +886,10 @@ #### Key Terms +- **m** — mass of the aircraft - **ICAO** = International Civil Aviation Organization - **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) - **SPL** = Sailplane Pilot Licence -- **m** — mass of the aircraft ### Q46: What is the distance from VOR Bruenkendorf (BKD) (53°02'N, 011°33'E) to Pritzwalk (EDBU) (53°11'N, 12°11'E)? ^t60q46 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q46) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q46) @@ -953,6 +952,7 @@ #### Key Terms +- **W** — Weight — force due to gravity acting on the aircraft (W = m × g) - **MC** = Magnetic Course - **TC** = True Course - **VAR** = Magnetic Variation @@ -975,11 +975,11 @@ #### Key Terms +- **TAS** = True Airspeed +- **GS** = Ground Speed - **ETA** = Estimated Time of Arrival - **ETD** = Estimated Time of Departure -- **GS** = Ground Speed - **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) -- **TAS** = True Airspeed ### Q50: Given: True course from A to B: 283°. Ground distance: 75 NM. TAS: 105 kt. Headwind component: 12 kt. ETD: 1242 UTC. What is the ETA? ^t60q50 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q50) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q50) @@ -1004,14 +1004,12 @@ #### Key Terms +- **TAS** = True Airspeed +- **GS** = Ground Speed - **ETA** = Estimated Time of Arrival - **ETD** = Estimated Time of Departure -- **GS** = Ground Speed - **ICAO** = International Civil Aviation Organization - **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) -- **TAS** = True Airspeed - -**Permitted aids at the exam:** ICAO 1:500'000 Switzerland chart, Swiss gliding chart, protractor, ruler, mechanical DR calculator, compass, non-programmable scientific calculator (TI-30 ECO RS recommended). No alphanumeric or electronic navigation computers allowed. ### Q51: What is the latest time we must land? ^t60q51 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q51) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q51) @@ -1297,7 +1295,8 @@ #### Key Terms -NM = Nautical Mile(s) +- **e** — Oswald Efficiency Factor — wing efficiency factor (1.0 for ideal elliptical lift distribution) +- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) ### Q70: Flight time from Laax 14:52 to Oberalp 15:09? ^t60q70 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q70) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q70) @@ -1363,6 +1362,7 @@ #### Key Terms +- **m** — mass of the aircraft - **ATC** = Air Traffic Control - **CTR** = Control Zone - **ICAO** = International Civil Aviation Organization @@ -1370,7 +1370,6 @@ - **MSL** = Mean Sea Level - **TMA** = Terminal Manoeuvring Area - **VFR** = Visual Flight Rules -- **m** — mass of the aircraft ### Q75: TC from Jungfrau to Bellechasse? ^t60q75 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q75) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q75) @@ -1416,8 +1415,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **GS** = Ground Speed - **TAS** = True Airspeed +- **GS** = Ground Speed - **TC** = True Course - **TH** = True Heading - **WCA** = Wind Correction Angle @@ -1452,6 +1451,7 @@ #### Key Terms +- **W** — Weight — force due to gravity acting on the aircraft (W = m × g) - **MH** = Magnetic Heading - **TH** = True Heading - **VAR** = Magnetic Variation @@ -1512,8 +1512,8 @@ #### Key Terms - **AMSL** = Above Mean Sea Level -- **FL** = Flight Level - **QNH** = Pressure adjusted to mean sea level +- **FL** = Flight Level ### Q83: A friend departs from France on 6 June (summer time) at 1000 UTC for a cross-country flight toward the Jura. You want to take off from Les Eplatures at the same time. What does your watch show? ^t60q83 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q83) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q83) @@ -1998,8 +1998,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **VHF** = Very High Frequency - **D** — Drag +- **VHF** = Very High Frequency ### Q105: What does the term "agonic line" mean? ^t60q105 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q105) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q105) @@ -2503,8 +2503,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **AGL** = Above Ground Level - **AMSL** = Above Mean Sea Level +- **AGL** = Above Ground Level ### Q128: On a map, 4 cm correspond to 10 km. What is the scale? ^t60q128 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q128) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q128) @@ -2550,10 +2550,10 @@ #### Key Terms -- **AGL** = Above Ground Level - **AMSL** = Above Mean Sea Level -- **CTR** = Control Zone +- **AGL** = Above Ground Level - **FL** = Flight Level +- **CTR** = Control Zone ### Q130: You are above Fraubrunnen (north of Bern-Belp airport), N47°05'/E007°32', at 4500 ft AMSL. Your height above the ground is approximately 3000 ft. In which airspace are you? ^t60q130 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q130) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q130) @@ -2647,8 +2647,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) - **D** — Drag +- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) ### Q134: Which statement about GPS is correct? ^t60q134 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q134) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q134) @@ -2783,8 +2783,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **AGL** = Above Ground Level - **AMSL** = Above Mean Sea Level +- **AGL** = Above Ground Level - **TMA** = Terminal Manoeuvring Area ### Q140: What is the name of the location at coordinates 46°29' N / 007°15' E? ^t60q140 @@ -2874,9 +2874,9 @@ #### Key Terms -- **FL** = Flight Level -- **ISA** = International Standard Atmosphere - **QNH** = Pressure adjusted to mean sea level +- **ISA** = International Standard Atmosphere +- **FL** = Flight Level ### Q144: An aircraft flies at a pressure altitude of 7000 ft with OAT +11°C. The QNH altitude is 6500 ft. The true altitude equals ^t60q144 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q144) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q144) @@ -2899,8 +2899,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **ISA** = International Standard Atmosphere - **QNH** = Pressure adjusted to mean sea level +- **ISA** = International Standard Atmosphere - **OAT** — Outside Air Temperature - **D** — Drag ### Q145: An aircraft flies at a pressure altitude of 7000 ft with OAT +21°C. The QNH altitude is 6500 ft. The true altitude equals ^t60q145 @@ -2924,8 +2924,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **ISA** = International Standard Atmosphere - **QNH** = Pressure adjusted to mean sea level +- **ISA** = International Standard Atmosphere ### Q146: Given: True course: 255°. TAS: 100 kt. Wind: 200°/10 kt. The true heading equals ^t60q146 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q146) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q146) @@ -2999,8 +2999,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **GS** = Ground Speed - **TAS** = True Airspeed +- **GS** = Ground Speed - **TC** = True Course ### Q149: Given: True course: 120°. TAS: 120 kt. Wind: 150°/12 kt. The WCA equals ^t60q149 @@ -3194,9 +3194,9 @@ #### Key Terms +- **TAS** = True Airspeed - **GS** = Ground Speed - **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) -- **TAS** = True Airspeed ### Q157: Given: GS 160 kt, TC 177°, wind vector 140°/20 kt. The true heading (TH) equals ^t60q157 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q157) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q157) @@ -3272,9 +3272,9 @@ #### Key Terms +- **TAS** = True Airspeed - **GS** = Ground Speed - **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) -- **TAS** = True Airspeed - **TC** = True Course ### Q160: When using GPS for tracking to the next waypoint, a deviation bar with dots is displayed. Which interpretation is correct? ^t60q160 @@ -3348,10 +3348,10 @@ #### Key Terms -- **GS** = Ground Speed -- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) - **TAS** = True Airspeed +- **GS** = Ground Speed - **D** — Drag +- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) ### Q163: Given: True course: 270°. TAS: 100 kt. Wind: 090°/25 kt. Distance: 100 NM. The flight time equals ^t60q163 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q163) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q163) @@ -3376,8 +3376,8 @@ #### Key Terms - **GS** = Ground Speed -- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) - **TAS** = True Airspeed +- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) - **TC** = True Course ### Q164: Which answer completes the flight plan (marked cells)? (3,00 P.) ^t60q164 @@ -3576,8 +3576,8 @@ #### Key Terms -- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) - **D** — Drag +- **NM** = Nautical Mile(s) ### Q172: What does the term terrestrial navigation mean? ^t60q172 [DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q172) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/60%20-%20Navigation.md#^t60q172) -- Gitblit v1.3.1