APPS/glidr-content.git - git.mnsoft.org

..	..	@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@
24	24
25	25	- Option D also prioritizes aileron over elevator, missing the critical first step of reducing the angle of attack.
26	26
	27	+
	28	+#### Source
	29	+
	30	+- [?] Source non identifiée
27	31	### Q2: How is "flight time" defined? ^t70q2
28	32
29	33	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q2) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q2)
..	..	@@ -48,6 +52,10 @@
48	52	#### Key Terms
49	53
50	54	EASA = European Union Aviation Safety Agency
	55	+
	56	+#### Source
	57	+
	58	+- [?] Source non identifiée
51	59	### Q3: What is a wind shear? ^t70q3
52	60
53	61	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q3) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q3)
..	..	@@ -65,6 +73,10 @@
65	73
66	74	Wind shear is defined as any change in wind speed and/or direction over a relatively short distance, which can occur in both the vertical and horizontal planes. It is not limited to any particular speed threshold (option C), altitude range (option B), or geographic setting (option A). Wind shear is particularly dangerous during takeoff and landing when the aircraft is close to the ground with limited recovery margins.
67	75
	76	+
	77	+#### Source
	78	+
	79	+- [?] Source non identifiée
68	80	### Q4: Which weather phenomenon is most commonly linked to wind shear? ^t70q4
69	81
70	82	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q4) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q4)
..	..	@@ -82,6 +94,10 @@
82	94
83	95	Thunderstorms generate the most severe wind shear through their powerful updrafts, downdrafts, and microburst outflows, which can cause sudden wind reversals exceeding 50 knots within seconds. Stable high-pressure systems (option A) typically produce calm, uniform conditions. Fog (option C) is associated with light winds, not shear. Warm fronts (option D) can produce mild shear, but thunderstorms are by far the most common and dangerous source.
84	96
	97	+
	98	+#### Source
	99	+
	100	+- [?] Source non identifiée
85	101	### Q5: Under what conditions should wind shear be expected? ^t70q5
86	102
87	103	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q5) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q5)
..	..	@@ -102,6 +118,10 @@
102	118	- Option A describes conditions with minimal shear risk.
103	119	- Option B and D can occasionally produce shear but are not the primary conditions associated with it.
104	120
	121	+
	122	+#### Source
	123	+
	124	+- [?] Source non identifiée
105	125	### Q6: During approach, an aircraft encounters wind shear with decreasing headwind. Without pilot corrections, what happens to the flight path and indicated airspeed (IAS)? ^t70q6
106	126
107	127	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q6) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q6)
..	..	@@ -122,6 +142,10 @@
122	142	#### Key Terms
123	143
124	144	IAS = Indicated Airspeed
	145	+
	146	+#### Source
	147	+
	148	+- [?] Source non identifiée
125	149	### Q7: During approach, an aircraft encounters wind shear with increasing headwind. Without corrections, how are the flight path and IAS affected? ^t70q7
126	150
127	151	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q7) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q7)
..	..	@@ -142,6 +166,10 @@
142	166	#### Key Terms
143	167
144	168	IAS = Indicated Airspeed
	169	+
	170	+#### Source
	171	+
	172	+- [?] Source non identifiée
145	173	### Q8: During approach, the aircraft experiences wind shear with a decreasing tailwind. Without corrections, what happens to the flight path and IAS? ^t70q8
146	174
147	175	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q8) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q8)
..	..	@@ -162,6 +190,10 @@
162	190	#### Key Terms
163	191
164	192	IAS = Indicated Airspeed
	193	+
	194	+#### Source
	195	+
	196	+- [?] Source non identifiée
165	197	### Q9: What is the best way to avoid encountering wind shear during flight? ^t70q9
166	198
167	199	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q9) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q9)
..	..	@@ -184,6 +216,10 @@
184	216
185	217	- Option D is overly restrictive and does not address the primary cause.
186	218
	219	+
	220	+#### Source
	221	+
	222	+- [?] Source non identifiée
187	223	### Q10: During a cross-country flight, visual conditions begin to fall below minima. To maintain minimum visual conditions, the pilot decides to ^t70q10
188	224
189	225	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q10) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q10)
..	..	@@ -211,6 +247,10 @@
211	247	- IMC = Instrument Meteorological Conditions
212	248	- VFR = Visual Flight Rules
213	249	- VMC = Visual Meteorological Conditions
	250	+
	251	+#### Source
	252	+
	253	+- [?] Source non identifiée
214	254	### Q11: Two identical aircraft at the same gross weight and configuration fly at different airspeeds. Which one produces stronger wake turbulence? ^t70q11
215	255
216	256	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q11) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q11)
..	..	@@ -227,6 +267,13 @@
227	267	#### Explanation
228	268
229	269	Wake turbulence intensity is directly related to the strength of wingtip vortices, which are strongest when the wing operates at high lift coefficients — that is, at low speeds and high angles of attack. The slower aircraft generates more intense vortices because it must produce the same lift at a lower speed, requiring a higher angle of attack and greater circulation around the wing. Altitude (options A and D) is not the determining factor. The faster aircraft (option B) produces weaker vortices at its lower lift coefficient.
	270	+
	271	+
	272	+#### Source
	273	+
	274	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q106 p.25](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=25) (score: 0.20)
	275	+- [QuizVDS Q11](../../Examen%20Blanc/QuizVDS/70%20-%20Operational%20Procedures.md#^q11): Answer D
	276	+- PDF Answer: C
230	277
231	278	### Q12: With only a light crosswind, what hazard exists when departing after a heavy aeroplane? ^t70q12
232	279
..	..	@@ -249,6 +296,10 @@
249	296	- Option B is wrong because vortices sink, not climb.
250	297	- Option D is incorrect because light crosswinds do not cause significant lateral twisting of vortices across the runway.
251	298
	299	+
	300	+#### Source
	301	+
	302	+- [?] Source non identifiée
252	303	### Q13: Which surface is most suitable for an emergency off-field landing? ^t70q13
253	304
254	305	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q13) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q13)
..	..	@@ -270,6 +321,10 @@
270	321	- Option C (long dry grass) may conceal obstacles such as rocks, ditches, or fences.
271	322	- Option D (sports ground) is typically surrounded by buildings, fences, and spectators, creating collision hazards.
272	323
	324	+
	325	+#### Source
	326	+
	327	+- [?] Source non identifiée
273	328	### Q14: What defines a precautionary landing? ^t70q14
274	329
275	330	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q14) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q14)
..	..	@@ -291,6 +346,10 @@
291	346	- Option C describes a configuration choice, not a type of landing.
292	347	- The key distinction is that a precautionary landing involves foresight and planning.
293	348
	349	+
	350	+#### Source
	351	+
	352	+- [?] Source non identifiée
294	353	### Q15: Which of these landing areas is best suited for an off-field landing? ^t70q15
295	354
296	355	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q15) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q15)
..	..	@@ -311,6 +370,10 @@
311	370	- Option A (a lake) should only be considered as a last resort since water landings carry drowning risk.
312	371	- Option B (meadow without livestock) sounds safe but may have hidden obstacles; and option D (ripe, waving crops) indicates tall vegetation that could obscure hazards and cause the glider to nose over on landing.
313	372
	373	+
	374	+#### Source
	375	+
	376	+- [?] Source non identifiée
314	377	### Q16: How does wet grass affect take-off and landing distances? ^t70q16
315	378
316	379	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q16) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q16)
..	..	@@ -333,6 +396,11 @@
333	396	- Option B correctly identifies the takeoff increase but incorrectly predicts a shorter landing roll.
334	397	- Option C reverses both effects entirely.
335	398
	399	+
	400	+#### Source
	401	+
	402	+- Examen Blanc: [S2 Q18 p.27](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_2.pdf#page=27) (score: 0.25)
	403	+
336	404	### Q17: What adverse effects can be expected when thermalling above industrial facilities? ^t70q17
337	405
338	406	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q17) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q17)
..	..	@@ -354,6 +422,10 @@
354	422	- Option B exaggerates with "heavy precipitation," which is not caused by industrial plants.
355	423	- Option D describes electrostatic effects that are not typically associated with industrial thermal flying.
356	424
	425	+
	426	+#### Source
	427	+
	428	+- [?] Source non identifiée
357	429	### Q18: When is an off-field landing most likely to result in an accident? ^t70q18
358	430
359	431	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q18) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q18)
..	..	@@ -375,6 +447,10 @@
375	447	- Option C (harvested cornfield) is actually a good surface choice.
376	448	- Option D (deciding above minimum safe altitude) is the correct time to decide, not a risk factor.
377	449
	450	+
	451	+#### Source
	452	+
	453	+- [?] Source non identifiée
378	454	### Q19: How can mid-air collisions be avoided when circling in thermals? ^t70q19
379	455
380	456	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q19) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q19)
..	..	@@ -396,6 +472,10 @@
396	472	- Option B (alternating directions) creates head-on crossing situations within the thermal.
397	473	- Option C (mimicking the glider ahead) could lead to following too closely without maintaining safe separation.
398	474
	475	+
	476	+#### Source
	477	+
	478	+- [?] Source non identifiée
399	479	### Q20: How can danger be avoided when a glider's altitude nears circuit height during a cross-country flight? ^t70q20
400	480
401	481	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q20) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q20)
..	..	@@ -417,6 +497,10 @@
417	497	- Option C describes a good post-landing practice but does not address the immediate danger of low altitude.
418	498	- Option D risks flying into sink between thermals with no altitude reserve, potentially resulting in a crash rather than a controlled off-field landing.
419	499
	500	+
	501	+#### Source
	502	+
	503	+- [?] Source non identifiée
420	504	### Q21: What must a pilot consider before entering a steep turn? ^t70q21
421	505
422	506	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q21) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q21)
..	..	@@ -441,6 +525,10 @@
441	525	#### Key Terms
442	526
443	527	n — Load Factor (ratio of lift to weight: n = L/W)
	528	+
	529	+#### Source
	530	+
	531	+- [?] Source non identifiée
444	532	### Q22: A glider is about to stall and pitch down. Which control input prevents a nose-dive and spin? ^t70q22
445	533
446	534	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q22) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q22)
..	..	@@ -462,6 +550,10 @@
462	550	- Option B attempts to maintain level flight with rudder alone, which is ineffective near the stall.
463	551	- Option C pulls back on the elevator, which deepens the stall, and uses ailerons which can worsen the situation near the critical angle of attack.
464	552
	553	+
	554	+#### Source
	555	+
	556	+- [?] Source non identifiée
465	557	### Q23: When aerotowing with a side-mounted release hook, the glider tends to ^t70q23
466	558
467	559	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q23) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q23)
..	..	@@ -486,6 +578,10 @@
486	578	#### Key Terms
487	579
488	580	CG = Centre of Gravity
	581	+
	582	+#### Source
	583	+
	584	+- [?] Source non identifiée
489	585	### Q24: During aerotow, the glider has climbed excessively high behind the tug. What should the glider pilot do to prevent further danger? ^t70q24
490	586
491	587	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q24) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q24)
..	..	@@ -507,6 +603,10 @@
507	603	- Option B (pushing firmly forward) could put the tug into a dangerous nose-down attitude by pulling its tail up via the cable.
508	604	- Option C (pulling then releasing) is dangerous — pulling when high compounds the problem, potentially lifting the tug's tail catastrophically.
509	605
	606	+
	607	+#### Source
	608	+
	609	+- [?] Source non identifiée
510	610	### Q25: After a cable break during winch launch, what is the correct sequence of actions? ^t70q25
511	611
512	612	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q25) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q25)
..	..	@@ -531,6 +631,10 @@
531	631	#### Key Terms
532	632
533	633	AGL = Above Ground Level
	634	+
	635	+#### Source
	636	+
	637	+- [?] Source non identifiée
534	638	### Q26: During the initial ground roll of a winch launch, one wing touches the ground. What must the glider pilot do? ^t70q26
535	639
536	640	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q26) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q26)
..	..	@@ -552,6 +656,10 @@
552	656	- Option B (opposite rudder) cannot correct a wing-down condition.
553	657	- Option D (pulling back) would try to lift off prematurely in an uncontrolled state.
554	658
	659	+
	660	+#### Source
	661	+
	662	+- [?] Source non identifiée
555	663	### Q27: During aerotow, the glider exceeds its maximum permissible speed. What should the glider pilot do? ^t70q27
556	664
557	665	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q27) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q27)
..	..	@@ -576,6 +684,10 @@
576	684	#### Key Terms
577	685
578	686	VNE = Never Exceed Speed
	687	+
	688	+#### Source
	689	+
	690	+- [?] Source non identifiée
579	691	### Q28: After a cable break during aerotow, a long section of cable remains attached to the glider. What should the pilot do? ^t70q28
580	692
581	693	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q28) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q28)
..	..	@@ -597,6 +709,10 @@
597	709	- Option C (releasing after touchdown) means flying the entire approach with a dangerous trailing cable.
598	710	- Option D (releasing immediately regardless) may drop the cable in an unsafe location.
599	711
	712	+
	713	+#### Source
	714	+
	715	+- [?] Source non identifiée
600	716	### Q29: During aerotow, the tug aircraft disappears from the glider pilot's view. What should the pilot do? ^t70q29
601	717
602	718	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q29) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q29)
..	..	@@ -618,6 +734,10 @@
618	734	- Option B (alternating elevator) creates dangerous oscillations.
619	735	- Option D (searching turns) could tangle the cable or fly into the tug's path.
620	736
	737	+
	738	+#### Source
	739	+
	740	+- [?] Source non identifiée
621	741	### Q30: During aerotow in a turn, the glider drifts to an outward offset position. How should the glider pilot correct this? ^t70q30
622	742
623	743	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q30) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q30)
..	..	@@ -639,6 +759,10 @@
639	759	- Option B (deploying spoilers) would cause the glider to drop below the tug's level.
640	760	- Option C (strong rudder) risks over-correction and could cause the glider to swing to the opposite side or create dangerous cable loads.
641	761
	762	+
	763	+#### Source
	764	+
	765	+- [?] Source non identifiée
642	766	### Q31: During a winch launch, cable tension suddenly disappears just after reaching the full climb attitude. What should the pilot do? ^t70q31
643	767
644	768	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q31) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q31)
..	..	@@ -660,6 +784,10 @@
660	784	- Option B (pulling) would increase the pitch angle further, guaranteeing a stall.
661	785	- Option D (waiting) is dangerous because speed is decaying rapidly in the climb attitude.
662	786
	787	+
	788	+#### Source
	789	+
	790	+- [?] Source non identifiée
663	791	### Q32: Before launching with a parallel-cable winch, the pilot notices the second cable lying close to the glider. What should be done? ^t70q32
664	792
665	793	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q32) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q32)
..	..	@@ -682,6 +810,10 @@
682	810
683	811	- Option D cannot prevent entanglement with a cable on the ground during the critical ground roll phase.
684	812
	813	+
	814	+#### Source
	815	+
	816	+- [?] Source non identifiée
685	817	### Q33: What is the function of the weak link (breaking point) on a winch cable? ^t70q33
686	818
687	819	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q33) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q33)
..	..	@@ -703,6 +835,10 @@
703	835	- Option C is wrong because the weak link is a safety device, not a release mechanism.
704	836	- Option D describes a concern unrelated to the weak link's purpose.
705	837
	838	+
	839	+#### Source
	840	+
	841	+- [?] Source non identifiée
706	842	### Q34: During the final phase of a winch launch, the pilot keeps pulling back on the elevator. The automatic release trips under high wing loading. What are the consequences? ^t70q34
707	843
708	844	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q34) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q34)
..	..	@@ -725,6 +861,10 @@
725	861	- Option B has nothing to do with wind correction.
726	862	- Option D prioritizes altitude gain over structural safety.
727	863
	864	+
	865	+#### Source
	866	+
	867	+- [?] Source non identifiée
728	868	### Q35: An off-field landing in mountainous terrain is necessary and the only available site is steeply inclined. How should the approach be flown? ^t70q35
729	869
730	870	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q35) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q35)
..	..	@@ -746,6 +886,10 @@
746	886	- Option C (parallel to ridge) does not utilize the slope for deceleration.
747	887	- Option D (downhill) dramatically increases groundspeed and stopping distance, making it extremely dangerous.
748	888
	889	+
	890	+#### Source
	891	+
	892	+- [?] Source non identifiée
749	893	### Q36: At 6000 m MSL, the pilot realises that the oxygen supply will run out within minutes. What should be done? ^t70q36
750	894
751	895	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q36) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q36)
..	..	@@ -770,6 +914,10 @@
770	914	#### Key Terms
771	915
772	916	MSL = Mean Sea Level
	917	+
	918	+#### Source
	919	+
	920	+- [?] Source non identifiée
773	921	### Q37: What colour is the emergency canopy release handle? ^t70q37
774	922
775	923	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q37) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q37)
..	..	@@ -788,6 +936,13 @@
788	936	Emergency canopy release handles are standardized as red to ensure immediate recognition in a crisis. Red is the universal color for emergency controls in aviation, including canopy jettison handles, fire extinguisher handles, and fuel shutoff valves.
789	937
790	938	- Options A (blue), B (yellow), and D (green) are incorrect — these colors are reserved for other functions such as trim (green), normal canopy latch, or non-emergency systems.
	939	+
	940	+
	941	+#### Source
	942	+
	943	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q121 p.203](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=203) (score: 0.36)
	944	+- [QuizVDS Q37](../../Examen%20Blanc/QuizVDS/70%20-%20Operational%20Procedures.md#^q37): Answer B
	945	+- PDF Answer: B
791	946
792	947	### Q38: Why must trim masses or lead ballast be firmly secured in a glider? ^t70q38
793	948
..	..	@@ -813,6 +968,10 @@
813	968	#### Key Terms
814	969
815	970	CG = Centre of Gravity
	971	+
	972	+#### Source
	973	+
	974	+- [?] Source non identifiée
816	975	### Q39: During a winch launch, the airspeed indicator fails after reaching the full climb attitude. What should the pilot do? ^t70q39
817	976
818	977	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q39) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q39)
..	..	@@ -834,6 +993,10 @@
834	993	- Option C (continuing the planned flight) is unsafe without airspeed indication.
835	994	- Option D (abrupt speed changes) could overstress the airframe during the launch.
836	995
	996	+
	997	+#### Source
	998	+
	999	+- [?] Source non identifiée
837	1000	### Q40: Why is launching with the centre of gravity beyond the aft limit prohibited? ^t70q40
838	1001
839	1002	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q40) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q40)
..	..	@@ -859,6 +1022,10 @@
859	1022
860	1023	- CG = Centre of Gravity
861	1024	- VNE = Never Exceed Speed
	1025	+
	1026	+#### Source
	1027	+
	1028	+- [?] Source non identifiée
862	1029	### Q41: What effect does ice accumulation on the wings have? ^t70q41
863	1030
864	1031	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q41) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q41)
..	..	@@ -884,6 +1051,10 @@
884	1051	- CL_max — Maximum Lift Coefficient — highest CL the wing can produce before stalling
885	1052	- CL — Lift Coefficient — dimensionless measure of aerodynamic lift
886	1053
	1054	+
	1055	+#### Source
	1056	+
	1057	+- [?] Source non identifiée
887	1058	### Q42: The landing gear extends but will not lock despite several attempts. How should the landing be performed? ^t70q42
888	1059
889	1060	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q42) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q42)
..	..	@@ -904,6 +1075,10 @@
904	1075	- Option A (belly landing at increased speed) unnecessarily increases impact energy.
905	1076	- Option D (holding the handle) provides no mechanical lock and the gear could still collapse under landing loads.
906	1077
	1078	+
	1079	+#### Source
	1080	+
	1081	+- [?] Source non identifiée
907	1082	### Q43: When flying into heavy snowfall, what is the greatest immediate danger? ^t70q43
908	1083
909	1084	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q43) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q43)
..	..	@@ -924,6 +1099,10 @@
924	1099	- Option D (mass increase) is negligible in the short term.
925	1100	- Loss of visibility is immediate, disorienting, and can lead to controlled flight into terrain.
926	1101
	1102	+
	1103	+#### Source
	1104	+
	1105	+- [?] Source PDF non identifiée (original: C)
927	1106	### Q44: A tailwind off-field landing is unavoidable. How should it be executed? ^t70q44
928	1107
929	1108	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q44) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q44)
..	..	@@ -945,6 +1124,10 @@
945	1124	- Option B (pushing the nose down at the field) would cause a hard landing.
946	1125	- Option C (reduced speed) risks stalling at the higher groundspeed, and the ground roll will be longer, not shorter.
947	1126
	1127	+
	1128	+#### Source
	1129	+
	1130	+- [?] Source non identifiée
948	1131	### Q45: When landing with a tailwind, what must the pilot do? ^t70q45
949	1132
950	1133	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q45) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q45)
..	..	@@ -966,6 +1149,10 @@
966	1149	- Option B (increasing speed) would extend the ground roll further.
967	1150	- Option D (sideslipping) addresses crosswind, not tailwind, and would not be effective compensation.
968	1151
	1152	+
	1153	+#### Source
	1154	+
	1155	+- [?] Source non identifiée
969	1156	### Q46: Tower reports: "Wind 15 knots, gusts 25 knots." How should the approach and landing be conducted? ^t70q46
970	1157
971	1158	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q46) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q46)
..	..	@@ -987,6 +1174,10 @@
987	1174	- Option B uses normal speed with no gust margin, leaving the aircraft vulnerable to speed drops in gusts.
988	1175	- Option C (minimum speed) is extremely dangerous in gusts — a momentary speed loss could cause a stall.
989	1176
	1177	+
	1178	+#### Source
	1179	+
	1180	+- [?] Source non identifiée
990	1181	### Q47: A glider pilot encounters strong sink while ridge soaring. What is the recommended action? ^t70q47
991	1182
992	1183	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q47) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q47)
..	..	@@ -1008,6 +1199,10 @@
1008	1199	- Option C (moving closer to the ridge) could trap the pilot against the terrain in strong sink.
1009	1200	- Option D (landing parallel to the ridge) may not be feasible on mountainous terrain and reduces options.
1010	1201
	1202	+
	1203	+#### Source
	1204	+
	1205	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1011	1206	### Q48: A glider flying beneath an expanding cumulus that is developing into a thunderstorm rapidly approaches cloud base. What should the pilot do? ^t70q48
1012	1207
1013	1208	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q48) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q48)
..	..	@@ -1033,6 +1228,10 @@
1033	1228
1034	1229	- VNE = Never Exceed Speed
1035	1230	- VFR = Visual Flight Rules
	1231	+
	1232	+#### Source
	1233	+
	1234	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1036	1235	### Q49: After landing, you discover that a pen may have fallen into the cockpit. What must be considered? ^t70q49
1037	1236
1038	1237	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q49) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q49)
..	..	@@ -1054,6 +1253,10 @@
1054	1253	- Option B is irrelevant — the concern is not having a pen but having a loose object.
1055	1254	- Option C is dangerously wrong — even small objects can jam critical controls and have caused fatal accidents.
1056	1255
	1256	+
	1257	+#### Source
	1258	+
	1259	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1057	1260	### Q50: Flying near the aerodrome at about 250 m AGL, you encounter strong sink and decide on a safety landing. At what speed should you fly toward the airfield? ^t70q50
1058	1261
1059	1262	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q50) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q50)
..	..	@@ -1079,6 +1282,10 @@
1079	1282
1080	1283	- VA = Manoeuvring Speed
1081	1284	- AGL = Above Ground Level
	1285	+
	1286	+#### Source
	1287	+
	1288	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1082	1289	### Q51: You have just passed the LAPL(S) practical exam. May you carry passengers as soon as the licence is issued? ^t70q51
1083	1290
1084	1291	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q51) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q51)
..	..	@@ -1106,6 +1313,12 @@
1106	1313	- LAPL = Light Aircraft Pilot Licence
1107	1314	- PIC = Pilot in Command
1108	1315	- SPL = Sailplane Pilot Licence
	1316	+
	1317	+#### Source
	1318	+
	1319	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q1 p.32](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=32) (score: 0.43)
	1320	+- PDF Answer: D
	1321	+
1109	1322	### Q52: On final approach to an out-landing field, you suddenly encounter a strong thermal. How should you react? ^t70q52
1110	1323
1111	1324	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q52) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q52)
..	..	@@ -1127,6 +1340,10 @@
1127	1340	- Option C assumes thermals always produce compensating sink, which is not reliable.
1128	1341	- Option D (circling on final) is dangerous at low altitude.
1129	1342
	1343	+
	1344	+#### Source
	1345	+
	1346	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1130	1347	### Q53: You land on a grass runway shortly after a rain shower. What should you expect? ^t70q53
1131	1348
1132	1349	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q53) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q53)
..	..	@@ -1149,6 +1366,12 @@
1149	1366	- Option B is incorrect because wet surfaces reduce, not improve, natural braking.
1150	1367	- Option C is wrong because reduced friction means a longer, not shorter, ground roll.
1151	1368
	1369	+
	1370	+#### Source
	1371	+
	1372	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q18 p.35](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=35) (score: 0.38)
	1373	+- PDF Answer: C
	1374	+
1152	1375	### Q54: When flying late in the day in a valley toward shaded slopes, what difficulty should you expect? ^t70q54
1153	1376
1154	1377	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q54) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q54)
..	..	@@ -1168,6 +1391,12 @@
1168	1391
1169	1392	- Option A and B may occur in certain conditions but are not specifically linked to shaded slopes late in the day.
1170	1393	- Option D (glare) is a concern when looking toward the sun, not toward shaded slopes.
	1394	+
	1395	+
	1396	+#### Source
	1397	+
	1398	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q12 p.34](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=34) (score: 0.34)
	1399	+- PDF Answer: B
1171	1400
1172	1401	### Q55: On a cross-country flight with no thermals available, you decide to make an out-landing. Several fields look suitable. By what altitude must your final choice be made? ^t70q55
1173	1402
..	..	@@ -1193,6 +1422,12 @@
1193	1422	#### Key Terms
1194	1423
1195	1424	AGL = Above Ground Level
	1425	+
	1426	+#### Source
	1427	+
	1428	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q16 p.34](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=34) (score: 0.36)
	1429	+- PDF Answer: A
	1430	+
1196	1431	### Q56: You are thermalling at 1500 m AGL over flat terrain with no other glider nearby. In which direction should you circle? ^t70q56
1197	1432
1198	1433	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q56) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q56)
..	..	@@ -1218,6 +1453,12 @@
1218	1453	#### Key Terms
1219	1454
1220	1455	AGL = Above Ground Level
	1456	+
	1457	+#### Source
	1458	+
	1459	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q2 p.32](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=32) (score: 0.23)
	1460	+- PDF Answer: C
	1461	+
1221	1462	### Q57: You are on an aerotow departure in calm conditions. The towrope breaks just below safety height. What do you do? ^t70q57
1222	1463
1223	1464	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q57) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q57)
..	..	@@ -1238,6 +1479,12 @@
1238	1479	- Option A deploys airbrakes prematurely when every meter of altitude counts.
1239	1480	- Option B attempts a 180° turn which is extremely dangerous below safety height.
1240	1481	- Option D releases before establishing a glide — the glide attitude should be established first to ensure safe flying speed.
	1482	+
	1483	+
	1484	+#### Source
	1485	+
	1486	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q4 p.32](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=32) (score: 0.42)
	1487	+- PDF Answer: D
1241	1488
1242	1489	### Q58: You are ready to launch in a glider with a strong crosswind from the right. What do you do? ^t70q58
1243	1490
..	..	@@ -1261,6 +1508,12 @@
1261	1508
1262	1509	- Option D is impractical and dangerous — the helper cannot keep pace with an accelerating glider.
1263	1510
	1511	+
	1512	+#### Source
	1513	+
	1514	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q3 p.32](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=32) (score: 0.36)
	1515	+- PDF Answer: A
	1516	+
1264	1517	### Q59: During an aerotow departure, acceleration is clearly insufficient. What should you do when the take-off abort point is reached? ^t70q59
1265	1518
1266	1519	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q59) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q59)
..	..	@@ -1282,6 +1535,12 @@
1282	1535	- Option C (forcing the aircraft airborne) at inadequate speed leads to an immediate stall or settling back onto the ground.
1283	1536	- Option D (flaps) cannot compensate for insufficient tow power.
1284	1537
	1538	+
	1539	+#### Source
	1540	+
	1541	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q9 p.33](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=33) (score: 0.37)
	1542	+- PDF Answer: A
	1543	+
1285	1544	### Q60: What lateral clearance from a slope must be maintained when flying a glider? ^t70q60
1286	1545
1287	1546	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q60) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q60)
..	..	@@ -1293,15 +1552,23 @@
1293	1552
1294	1553	#### Answer
1295	1554
1296		-B)
	1555	+A)
1297	1556
1298	1557	#### Explanation
1299	1558
1300		-When flying along a slope, a minimum lateral distance of 60 meters must be maintained horizontally from the terrain. This provides a safety buffer against unexpected turbulence, downdrafts, or control difficulty near the slope face.
	1559	+![](figures/t70_q60.jpg)
1301	1560
1302		-- Option A is vague and non-specific.
1303		-- Option C (150 m) is more conservative than the standard requirement.
1304		-- Option D (depends on thermals) introduces a variable condition that does not define a clear minimum standard.
	1561	+The BAZL training material (section 9.2) illustrates a 60 m clearance as a guideline for both ground and lateral distance, with the emphasis: "Sécurité — Pas que ça touche !!! — jamais" (Safety — don't touch — never). However, the regulation does not prescribe a fixed metric; the rule is to maintain a sufficient lateral safety distance that accounts for turbulence, downdrafts, terrain irregularities, and aircraft performance.
	1562	+
	1563	+- B (60 m) is a useful training guideline but not a regulatory minimum — in strong conditions more distance is needed, in calm conditions less may suffice.
	1564	+- C (150 m) is overly conservative as a fixed rule.
	1565	+- D (depends on thermals) is too narrow — clearance depends on terrain, wind, and aircraft type, not just thermals.
	1566	+
	1567	+
	1568	+#### Source
	1569	+
	1570	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q17 p.35](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=35) (score: 0.26)
	1571	+- PDF Answer: A
1305	1572
1306	1573	### Q61: What requires special attention when flying in high mountains? ^t70q61
1307	1574
..	..	@@ -1322,6 +1589,12 @@
1322	1589
1323	1590	- Options A, B, and C describe technical inconveniences that may occasionally occur in mountains, but they are not the primary hazard.
1324	1591	- Rapid weather changes can trap a pilot in valleys with deteriorating visibility and violent turbulence, making option D the critical safety concern.
	1592	+
	1593	+
	1594	+#### Source
	1595	+
	1596	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q10 p.33](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=33) (score: 0.29)
	1597	+- PDF Answer: B
1325	1598
1326	1599	### Q62: When installing the oxygen system in a glider for an Alpine flight, what is absolutely essential? ^t70q62
1327	1600
..	..	@@ -1344,6 +1617,12 @@
1344	1617	- Options A and C describe good practices but are not the absolute safety-critical requirement.
1345	1618	- The oxygen-grease incompatibility is a fundamental rule in aviation oxygen system handling.
1346	1619
	1620	+
	1621	+#### Source
	1622	+
	1623	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q11 p.33](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=33) (score: 0.40)
	1624	+- PDF Answer: C
	1625	+
1347	1626	### Q63: After a collision, you must bail out at approximately 400 m. When should the parachute be opened? ^t70q63
1348	1627
1349	1628	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q63) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q63)
..	..	@@ -1365,6 +1644,10 @@
1365	1644	- Option C (before leaving) would entangle the parachute with the aircraft structure.
1366	1645	- At 400 m, every second counts for a successful deployment and deceleration.
1367	1646
	1647	+
	1648	+#### Source
	1649	+
	1650	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1368	1651	### Q64: On short final for an out-landing, you realise the field is too short. What do you do? ^t70q64
1369	1652
1370	1653	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q64) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q64)
..	..	@@ -1387,6 +1670,10 @@
1387	1670	- Option C is similar to B but less specific about using all stopping means.
1388	1671	- Option D (turning to find another field) at this low altitude and close range is extremely dangerous and likely to result in a stall-spin accident.
1389	1672
	1673	+
	1674	+#### Source
	1675	+
	1676	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1390	1677	### Q65: What does FLARM do? ^t70q65
1391	1678
1392	1679	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q65) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q65)
..	..	@@ -1408,6 +1695,12 @@
1408	1695
1409	1696	- Option C is incorrect because FLARM warns but does not recommend specific avoidance maneuvers.
1410	1697	- Option D is wrong because FLARM only detects other FLARM devices, not transponder-equipped aircraft (that would require a separate ADS-B receiver).
	1698	+
	1699	+
	1700	+#### Source
	1701	+
	1702	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q7 p.33](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=33) (score: 0.37)
	1703	+- PDF Answer: A
1411	1704
1412	1705	### Q66: During a cross-country flight, you must land at a high-altitude aerodrome with no wind. At what indicated airspeed do you fly the approach? ^t70q66
1413	1706
..	..	@@ -1432,6 +1725,12 @@
1432	1725
1433	1726	- IAS = Indicated Airspeed
1434	1727	- TAS = True Airspeed
	1728	+
	1729	+#### Source
	1730	+
	1731	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q6 p.33](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=33) (score: 0.55)
	1732	+- PDF Answer: A
	1733	+
1435	1734	### Q67: What do you notice when entering the centre of a downdraft? ^t70q67
1436	1735
1437	1736	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q67) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q67)
..	..	@@ -1451,6 +1750,12 @@
1451	1750
1452	1751	- Option B describes what happens entering an updraft (nose pitches up, increased g-load).
1453	1752	- Options A and C do not accurately describe the symmetrical effect of entering a downdraft center.
	1753	+
	1754	+
	1755	+#### Source
	1756	+
	1757	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q5 p.32](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=32) (score: 0.32)
	1758	+- PDF Answer: A
1454	1759
1455	1760	### Q68: During a cross-country flight over the Jura, you notice cirrus forming to the west. What should you expect? ^t70q68
1456	1761
..	..	@@ -1473,6 +1778,12 @@
1473	1778	- Option C describes a shift that may occur but is not the primary effect.
1474	1779	- Option D underestimates the impact cirrus has on thermal generation through solar radiation reduction.
1475	1780
	1781	+
	1782	+#### Source
	1783	+
	1784	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q13 p.34](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=34) (score: 0.30)
	1785	+- PDF Answer: C
	1786	+
1476	1787	### Q69: What speed maximises distance covered against a headwind? ^t70q69
1477	1788
1478	1789	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q69) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q69)
..	..	@@ -1493,6 +1804,12 @@
1493	1804	- Option A (minimum sink) minimizes descent rate but covers minimal distance.
1494	1805	- Option B (best glide) is optimal only in still air.
1495	1806	- Option D (McCready zero) equals best-glide speed.
	1807	+
	1808	+
	1809	+#### Source
	1810	+
	1811	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q15 p.34](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=34) (score: 0.26)
	1812	+- PDF Answer: D
1496	1813
1497	1814	### Q70: Which of these fields is best for an out-landing? ^t70q70
1498	1815
..	..	@@ -1515,6 +1832,12 @@
1515	1832	- Option B (maize field) has tall crops that obscure hazards and create drag inconsistencies.
1516	1833	- Option C (country lane) is narrow, potentially lined with trees and power lines, and poses collision risks with vehicles.
1517	1834
	1835	+
	1836	+#### Source
	1837	+
	1838	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q8 p.33](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=33) (score: 0.40)
	1839	+- PDF Answer: A
	1840	+
1518	1841	### Q71: May you use the on-board radio to communicate with your retrieve crew on the dedicated frequency without holding a radiotelephony extension? ^t70q71
1519	1842
1520	1843	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q71) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q71)
..	..	@@ -1536,6 +1859,12 @@
1536	1859	- Option C invents a frequency limitation that does not exist.
1537	1860
1538	1861	- Option D incorrectly prohibits a communication that is routinely permitted.
	1862	+
	1863	+
	1864	+#### Source
	1865	+
	1866	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q154 p.35](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=35) (score: 0.43)
	1867	+- PDF Answer: B
1539	1868
1540	1869	### Q72: At an aerodrome at 1800 m AMSL, how does the ground speed compare to the indicated airspeed on approach? ^t70q72
1541	1870
..	..	@@ -1563,6 +1892,10 @@
1563	1892	- AMSL = Above Mean Sea Level
1564	1893	- TAS = True Airspeed
1565	1894	- IAS = Indicated Airspeed
	1895	+
	1896	+#### Source
	1897	+
	1898	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1566	1899	### Q73: Is wearing a parachute compulsory during glider flights? ^t70q73
1567	1900
1568	1901	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q73) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q73)
..	..	@@ -1588,6 +1921,12 @@
1588	1921	#### Key Terms
1589	1922
1590	1923	AGL = Above Ground Level
	1924	+
	1925	+#### Source
	1926	+
	1927	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q124 p.203](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=203) (score: 0.29)
	1928	+- PDF Answer: B
	1929	+
1591	1930	### Q74: During a winch launch, just after reaching the climbing angle, the cable breaks near the winch. How should you react? ^t70q74
1592	1931
1593	1932	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q74) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q74)
..	..	@@ -1609,6 +1948,10 @@
1609	1948	- Option B reverses the priority — establishing the glide before releasing could allow the cable to become entangled.
1610	1949	- Option C (radio call) wastes precious seconds during a time-critical emergency.
1611	1950
	1951	+
	1952	+#### Source
	1953	+
	1954	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1612	1955	### Q75: What must be considered during an aerotow departure in strong crosswind? ^t70q75
1613	1956
1614	1957	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q75) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q75)
..	..	@@ -1630,6 +1973,12 @@
1630	1973
1631	1974	- Option B provides a partial technique but does not address the pre-departure setup.
1632	1975	- Option C is incorrect because crosswinds typically increase takeoff distance slightly.
	1976	+
	1977	+
	1978	+#### Source
	1979	+
	1980	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q7 p.182](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=182) (score: 0.38)
	1981	+- PDF Answer: D
1633	1982
1634	1983	### Q76: You enter a thermal in the lowlands at 1500 m AGL with no other glider nearby. In which direction do you circle? ^t70q76
1635	1984
..	..	@@ -1656,6 +2005,10 @@
1656	2005	#### Key Terms
1657	2006
1658	2007	AGL = Above Ground Level
	2008	+
	2009	+#### Source
	2010	+
	2011	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1659	2012	### Q77: What lateral distance from a slope must you maintain in a glider? ^t70q77
1660	2013
1661	2014	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q77) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q77)
..	..	@@ -1675,6 +2028,12 @@
1675	2028
1676	2029	- Option A (depends on lift) only considers one factor.
1677	2030	- Options B (150 m) and C (60 m) specify fixed distances that may be appropriate in some contexts but do not reflect the general guidance, which emphasizes adequate safety margin appropriate to the circumstances.
	2031	+
	2032	+
	2033	+#### Source
	2034	+
	2035	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q17 p.35](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=35) (score: 0.32)
	2036	+- PDF Answer: A
1678	2037
1679	2038	### Q78: You enter a thermal at 500 m AGL below a cumulus and see another glider circling 50 m above you. In which direction should you turn? ^t70q78
1680	2039
..	..	@@ -1700,6 +2059,12 @@
1700	2059	#### Key Terms
1701	2060
1702	2061	AGL = Above Ground Level
	2062	+
	2063	+#### Source
	2064	+
	2065	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q151 p.35](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=35) (score: 0.21)
	2066	+- PDF Answer: C
	2067	+
1703	2068	### Q79: During an off-field landing, the glider sustains 70% damage; the pilot is unhurt. What must be done? ^t70q79
1704	2069
1705	2070	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q79) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q79)
..	..	@@ -1720,6 +2085,12 @@
1720	2085	- Option A (FOCA report in 3 days) does not meet the urgency required.
1721	2086	- Option C (immediate notification via REGA) is the procedure for accidents involving injuries or fatalities.
1722	2087	- Option D (report within a week) is too slow for an incident involving 70% airframe damage, which requires prompt reporting.
	2088	+
	2089	+
	2090	+#### Source
	2091	+
	2092	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q131 p.205](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=205) (score: 0.26)
	2093	+- PDF Answer: D
1723	2094
1724	2095	### Q80: What requires special attention when taking off on a hard (paved) runway? ^t70q80
1725	2096
..	..	@@ -1742,6 +2113,12 @@
1742	2113	- Option B (pulling back longer) could cause the tail to strike the runway.
1743	2114	- Option C (wheel brake at start) would impede acceleration during the most critical phase.
1744	2115
	2116	+
	2117	+#### Source
	2118	+
	2119	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q4 p.181](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=181) (score: 0.21)
	2120	+- PDF Answer: D
	2121	+
1745	2122	### Q81: How should a water landing (ditching) be carried out? ^t70q81
1746	2123
1747	2124	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q81) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q81)
..	..	@@ -1762,6 +2139,10 @@
1762	2139	- Option A (tail-first) risks a violent pitch-forward on impact.
1763	2140	- Option D (sideslip) creates an asymmetric water entry that could cartwheel the aircraft.
1764	2141
	2142	+
	2143	+#### Source
	2144	+
	2145	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1765	2146	### Q82: During an off-field landing, how can the wind direction best be determined? ^t70q82
1766	2147
1767	2148	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q82) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q82)
..	..	@@ -1782,6 +2163,12 @@
1782	2163	- Option A (tree leaves) requires being low enough to see individual leaves.
1783	2164	- Option B (wheat field patterns) can be misleading and requires specific crop stages.
1784	2165	- Option D (livestock behavior) is unreliable as a wind indicator.
	2166	+
	2167	+
	2168	+#### Source
	2169	+
	2170	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q8 p.182](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=182) (score: 0.38)
	2171	+- PDF Answer: D
1785	2172
1786	2173	### Q83: You are flying fast along a ridge and spot a slower glider ahead at about the same altitude. How do you react? ^t70q83
1787	2174
..	..	@@ -1804,6 +2191,10 @@
1804	2191	- Option C (radio contact) takes too long to arrange at closing speed.
1805	2192	- Option D (diving below) risks flying into the turbulent rotor zone closer to the terrain.
1806	2193
	2194	+
	2195	+#### Source
	2196	+
	2197	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1807	2198	### Q84: At the start of an aerotow, the glider rolls over the tow rope. What should you do? ^t70q84
1808	2199
1809	2200	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q84) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q84)
..	..	@@ -1824,6 +2215,12 @@
1824	2215	- Option A (braking) does not prevent entanglement and may worsen it.
1825	2216	- Option B (airbrakes) is irrelevant to the immediate hazard.
1826	2217	- Option D (radio warning) wastes time during a situation requiring instant action — by the time the call is made, the rope may already be entangled.
	2218	+
	2219	+
	2220	+#### Source
	2221	+
	2222	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q97 p.198](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=198) (score: 0.30)
	2223	+- PDF Answer: C
1827	2224
1828	2225	### Q85: Are glider flights permitted in Class C airspace? ^t70q85
1829	2226
..	..	@@ -1852,6 +2249,10 @@
1852	2249	- ATC = Air Traffic Control
1853	2250	- NOTAM = Notice to Air Missions
1854	2251	- VMC = Visual Meteorological Conditions
	2252	+
	2253	+#### Source
	2254	+
	2255	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1855	2256	### Q86: You are flying along a slope on your right and spot an oncoming glider at the same altitude. How do you react? ^t70q86
1856	2257
1857	2258	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q86) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q86)
..	..	@@ -1876,6 +2277,10 @@
1876	2277	#### Key Terms
1877	2278
1878	2279	D — Drag
	2280	+
	2281	+#### Source
	2282	+
	2283	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1879	2284	### Q87: You must land on a 400 m field with a moderate tailwind. How do you fly the final approach? ^t70q87
1880	2285
1881	2286	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q87) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q87)
..	..	@@ -1896,6 +2301,12 @@
1896	2301	- Option A (best glide speed) is faster than needed and wastes field length.
1897	2302	- Option B (sideslip) addresses crosswind, not tailwind.
1898	2303	- Option D (faster approach) would increase groundspeed and ground roll on an already short field.
	2304	+
	2305	+
	2306	+#### Source
	2307	+
	2308	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q125 p.203](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=203) (score: 0.26)
	2309	+- PDF Answer: A
1899	2310
1900	2311	### Q88: What is the effect of a waterlogged grass runway on an aerotow departure? ^t70q88
1901	2312
..	..	@@ -1919,6 +2330,12 @@
1919	2330
1920	2331	- Option C is incorrect because option B is the correct answer.
1921	2332
	2333	+
	2334	+#### Source
	2335	+
	2336	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q126 p.204](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=204) (score: 0.22)
	2337	+- PDF Answer: B
	2338	+
1922	2339	### Q89: On approach to an off-field landing, you suddenly notice a high-voltage power line across your landing axis. How do you react? ^t70q89
1923	2340
1924	2341	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q89) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q89)
..	..	@@ -1939,6 +2356,12 @@
1939	2356	- Option A (always fly over) is not possible when altitude is insufficient.
1940	2357	- Option C (tight turn near the ground) risks a stall-spin accident.
1941	2358	- Option D (near a pylon) is where clearance is minimal.
	2359	+
	2360	+
	2361	+#### Source
	2362	+
	2363	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q130 p.204](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=204) (score: 0.24)
	2364	+- PDF Answer: D
1942	2365
1943	2366	### Q90: What is the standard spin recovery procedure when the manufacturer has not specified one? ^t70q90
1944	2367
..	..	@@ -1961,6 +2384,10 @@
1961	2384	- Option B uses ailerons, which can deepen the spin.
1962	2385	- Option D uses ailerons instead of rudder as the primary anti-spin control, which is incorrect.
1963	2386
	2387	+
	2388	+#### Source
	2389	+
	2390	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1964	2391	### Q91: Unless ATC instructs otherwise, how should the approach to an aerodrome be carried out in a glider? ^t70q91
1965	2392
1966	2393	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q91) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q91)
..	..	@@ -1982,6 +2409,10 @@
1982	2409
1983	2410	- ATC = Air Traffic Control
1984	2411	- VFR = Visual Flight Rules
	2412	+
	2413	+#### Source
	2414	+
	2415	+- [?] Source non identifiée
1985	2416	### Q92: You are flying a fast glider along a slope and spot a slower glider ahead at approximately the same altitude. How do you respond? ^t70q92
1986	2417
1987	2418	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q92) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q92)
..	..	@@ -1999,6 +2430,10 @@
1999	2430
2000	2431	In mountain flying, to overtake a slower glider on a slope, pass on the side away from the slope (valley side). This rule is consistent with the right-of-way for climbing gliders.
2001	2432
	2433	+
	2434	+#### Source
	2435	+
	2436	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2002	2437	### Q93: In flight, the rudder jams in the neutral position. How do you react? ^t70q93
2003	2438
2004	2439	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q93) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q93)
..	..	@@ -2015,6 +2450,12 @@
2015	2450	#### Explanation
2016	2451
2017	2452	If the rudder jams in flight, control the glider with elevator and ailerons. Make shallow turns and land immediately.
	2453	+
	2454	+
	2455	+#### Source
	2456	+
	2457	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q84 p.196](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=196) (score: 0.26)
	2458	+- PDF Answer: D
2018	2459
2019	2460	### Q94: At the start of an aerotow, the glider rolls over the tow rope. What do you do? ^t70q94
2020	2461
..	..	@@ -2033,6 +2474,12 @@
2033	2474
2034	2475	If the glider rolls over the tow rope, immediately releasing the rope is the only correct action.
2035	2476
	2477	+
	2478	+#### Source
	2479	+
	2480	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q97 p.198](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=198) (score: 0.31)
	2481	+- PDF Answer: C
	2482	+
2036	2483	### Q95: The tow rope breaks on the tug's side before reaching safety height. How must the glider pilot react? ^t70q95
2037	2484
2038	2485	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q95) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q95)
..	..	@@ -2049,6 +2496,12 @@
2049	2496	#### Explanation
2050	2497
2051	2498	If the rope breaks on the tow plane side below safety height: actuate the release handle twice (verification) and land straight ahead in the runway extension. Avoid turning.
	2499	+
	2500	+
	2501	+#### Source
	2502	+
	2503	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q4 p.32](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=32) (score: 0.24)
	2504	+- PDF Answer: D
2052	2505
2053	2506	### Q96: How do you fly the final approach in a strong crosswind? ^t70q96
2054	2507
..	..	@@ -2067,6 +2520,12 @@
2067	2520
2068	2521	In strong crosswind on final, take a crab angle into the wind and increase speed slightly to maintain control. The sideslip can be used but crab is the primary method.
2069	2522
	2523	+
	2524	+#### Source
	2525	+
	2526	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q133 p.205](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=205) (score: 0.27)
	2527	+- PDF Answer: A
	2528	+
2070	2529	### Q97: How should a water landing be carried out? ^t70q97
2071	2530
2072	2531	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q97) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q97)
..	..	@@ -2084,6 +2543,10 @@
2084	2543
2085	2544	For a water landing: tighten harnesses, close ventilation to prevent water entry, and land at slightly above normal speed for better control and to avoid nose-over.
2086	2545
	2546	+
	2547	+#### Source
	2548	+
	2549	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2087	2550	### Q98: You enter a thermal with no other glider nearby. In which direction do you circle? ^t70q98
2088	2551
2089	2552	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q98) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q98)
..	..	@@ -2101,6 +2564,10 @@
2101	2564
2102	2565	Without other gliders in the thermal, there is no prescribed spiraling direction. The pilot chooses freely.
2103	2566
	2567	+
	2568	+#### Source
	2569	+
	2570	+- [ ] ✓ [[Examen Blanc/Exa Blanc Série_2.pdf#page=5\|Série 2 Q14 p.5]]
2104	2571	### Q99: In a glider, how is altitude expressed? ^t70q99
2105	2572
2106	2573	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q99) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q99)
..	..	@@ -2118,6 +2585,10 @@
2118	2585
2119	2586	Glider altitude is expressed according to the country overflown (altitude in feet or meters per local rules, or flight levels per airspace). Regulations vary by country.
2120	2587
	2588	+
	2589	+#### Source
	2590	+
	2591	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2121	2592	### Q100: Without manufacturer-specific guidance, what is the standard spin recovery procedure? ^t70q100
2122	2593
2123	2594	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q100) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q100)
..	..	@@ -2135,6 +2606,10 @@
2135	2606
2136	2607	Standard spin recovery: 1) Identify direction, 2) Opposite rudder, 3) Ailerons neutral, 4) Slight forward stick, 5) Pull out after rotation stops.
2137	2608
	2609	+
	2610	+#### Source
	2611	+
	2612	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2138	2613	### Q101: May changes be made at an accident site where a person has been injured, beyond essential rescue measures? ^t70q101
2139	2614
2140	2615	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q101) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q101)
..	..	@@ -2152,6 +2627,10 @@
2152	2627
2153	2628	Modifying an accident site is prohibited without formal authorization from the investigation authority, except for essential rescue measures.
2154	2629
	2630	+
	2631	+#### Source
	2632	+
	2633	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2155	2634	### Q102: The pilot loses sight of the tow plane during aerotow. How must he react? ^t70q102
2156	2635
2157	2636	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q102) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q102)
..	..	@@ -2169,6 +2648,10 @@
2169	2648
2170	2649	If the pilot loses sight of the tow plane, immediately release the rope. Continuing tow flight without seeing the tow plane is extremely dangerous.
2171	2650
	2651	+
	2652	+#### Source
	2653	+
	2654	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2172	2655	### Q103: Is wearing a parachute compulsory in gliders? ^t70q103
2173	2656
2174	2657	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q103) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q103)
..	..	@@ -2189,6 +2672,12 @@
2189	2672	#### Key Terms
2190	2673
2191	2674	AGL = Above Ground Level
	2675	+
	2676	+#### Source
	2677	+
	2678	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q124 p.203](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=203) (score: 0.36)
	2679	+- PDF Answer: B
	2680	+
2192	2681	### Q104: You need to land on a 400 m field with a moderate tailwind. How do you fly the final approach? ^t70q104
2193	2682
2194	2683	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q104) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q104)
..	..	@@ -2205,6 +2694,12 @@
2205	2694	#### Explanation
2206	2695
2207	2696	With tailwind on a 400 m field: approach slightly above minimum speed and at a lower height than with headwind. Tailwind increases ground speed.
	2697	+
	2698	+
	2699	+#### Source
	2700	+
	2701	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q125 p.203](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=203) (score: 0.28)
	2702	+- PDF Answer: A
2208	2703
2209	2704	### Q105: You see a motor glider with its engine running at the same altitude approaching from your right. How do you react? ^t70q105
2210	2705
..	..	@@ -2223,6 +2718,12 @@
2223	2718
2224	2719	A powered motorglider coming from the right has right of way (converging routes rule). You must give way to the right to let it pass.
2225	2720
	2721	+
	2722	+#### Source
	2723	+
	2724	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q88 p.21](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=21) (score: 0.31)
	2725	+- PDF Answer: A
	2726	+
2226	2727	### Q106: You are flying in a glider-specific restricted zone (LS-R). What cloud separation distances must you observe? (vertical/horizontal) ^t70q106
2227	2728
2228	2729	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q106) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q106)
..	..	@@ -2239,6 +2740,12 @@
2239	2740	#### Explanation
2240	2741
2241	2742	In a glider-specific restricted zone (LS-R), reduced distances apply: 50 m vertically and 100 m horizontally from clouds (instead of standard distances).
	2743	+
	2744	+
	2745	+#### Source
	2746	+
	2747	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q82 p.20](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=20) (score: 0.41)
	2748	+- PDF Answer: C
2242	2749
2243	2750	### Q107: What is the correct sequence for abandoning a glider and bailing out by parachute? ^t70q107
2244	2751
..	..	@@ -2257,6 +2764,12 @@
2257	2764
2258	2765	In case of parachute bailout: 1) Release canopy 2) Unfasten harness 3) Jump 4) Open parachute. Order is crucial for safety.
2259	2766
	2767	+
	2768	+#### Source
	2769	+
	2770	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q127 p.204](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=204) (score: 0.41)
	2771	+- PDF Answer: B
	2772	+
2260	2773	### Q108: How should a landing on a slope be performed? ^t70q108
2261	2774
2262	2775	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q108) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q108)
..	..	@@ -2273,6 +2786,12 @@
2273	2786	#### Explanation
2274	2787
2275	2788	Landing on a slope: always downhill into the wind. Uphill + tailwind would dangerously extend the landing distance.
	2789	+
	2790	+
	2791	+#### Source
	2792	+
	2793	+- Examen Blanc: [S1S Q7 p.13](Exa%20Blanc%20Série_1_Specifiques.pdf#page=13) (score: 0.22)
	2794	+- PDF Answer: A
2276	2795
2277	2796	### Q109: Which type of terrain is particularly well suited for an off-field landing? ^t70q109
2278	2797
..	..	@@ -2291,6 +2810,13 @@
2291	2810
2292	2811	The best field for an off-field landing is a large flat field, oriented into the wind, free of obstacles on the approach axis.
2293	2812
	2813	+
	2814	+#### Source
	2815	+
	2816	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q128 p.204](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=204) (score: 0.24)
	2817	+- [QuizVDS Q15](../../Examen%20Blanc/QuizVDS/70%20-%20Operational%20Procedures.md#^q15): Answer C
	2818	+- PDF Answer: D
	2819	+
2294	2820	### Q110: An off-field landing ends in a ground loop caused by an obstacle. The fuselage breaks near the rudder. What must be done? ^t70q110
2295	2821
2296	2822	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q110) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q110)
..	..	@@ -2307,6 +2833,12 @@
2307	2833	#### Explanation
2308	2834
2309	2835	A fuselage broken near the rudder after a ground loop = serious accident. Immediately notify the accident investigation bureau (via REGA if necessary).
	2836	+
	2837	+
	2838	+#### Source
	2839	+
	2840	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q132 p.205](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=205) (score: 0.21)
	2841	+- PDF Answer: D
2310	2842
2311	2843	### Q111: A glider pilot must make an off-field landing in mountainous terrain. The only available landing site has a steep incline. How should the landing be executed? ^t70q111
2312	2844
..	..	@@ -2325,6 +2857,10 @@
2325	2857
2326	2858	When an off-field landing on inclined terrain is unavoidable, the correct technique is to approach with increased speed and perform a quick, firm flare to match the glider's pitch attitude to the slope angle at touchdown — this minimises the relative vertical velocity on contact. Landing down a ridge (option A) dramatically increases ground speed and roll-out distance, risking a collision with terrain ahead. Approaching parallel to the ridge (option D) ignores the slope problem. Minimum speed (option B) leaves no energy margin for the flare on sloped ground.
2327	2859
	2860	+
	2861	+#### Source
	2862	+
	2863	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2328	2864	### Q112: On final approach, you realise the landing gear was not extended. How should the landing be performed? ^t70q112
2329	2865
2330	2866	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q112) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q112)
..	..	@@ -2342,6 +2878,10 @@
2342	2878
2343	2879	If the gear is not extended on final approach and there is insufficient height to safely extend it, the safest action is to complete a gear-up landing at minimum speed, accepting a belly-landing with controlled, gentle touchdown. Extending gear at the last moment (option B) risks an asymmetric or partially extended gear, which is more dangerous. Retracting flaps to buy time (option A) alters the approach profile unpredictably close to the ground. Landing without gear at higher speed (option C) worsens the damage and increases risk of injury.
2344	2880
	2881	+
	2882	+#### Source
	2883	+
	2884	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2345	2885	### Q113: At what height during a winch launch may the maximum pitch attitude be adopted? ^t70q113
2346	2886
2347	2887	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q113) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q113)
..	..	@@ -2362,6 +2902,10 @@
2362	2902	#### Key Terms
2363	2903
2364	2904	AGL = Above Ground Level
	2905	+
	2906	+#### Source
	2907	+
	2908	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2365	2909	### Q114: What factors must be considered for approach and landing speed? ^t70q114
2366	2910
2367	2911	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q114) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q114)
..	..	@@ -2381,6 +2925,10 @@
2381	2925
2382	2926	- Options A, B, and D are incomplete; option C correctly names both weight and wind speed.
2383	2927
	2928	+
	2929	+#### Source
	2930	+
	2931	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2384	2932	### Q115: How can you determine wind direction when making an out-landing? ^t70q115
2385	2933
2386	2934	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q115) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q115)
..	..	@@ -2398,6 +2946,10 @@
2398	2946
2399	2947	During an outlanding, visual cues in the environment are the most reliable and immediately available indicators of wind direction and strength: smoke drifting from chimneys, flags, and rippling crops clearly show the current local wind. A weather forecast (option D) may not reflect local conditions precisely at that moment. Radio contact with other pilots (option B) is unreliable and slow. The windsock at the departure airfield (option A) is irrelevant to conditions at the outlanding site.
2400	2948
	2949	+
	2950	+#### Source
	2951	+
	2952	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2401	2953	### Q116: What landing technique is recommended for a downhill grass area? ^t70q116
2402	2954
2403	2955	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q116) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q116)
..	..	@@ -2415,6 +2967,10 @@
2415	2967
2416	2968	On a downhill grass area, landing uphill means the aircraft is climbing toward the ground, which naturally decelerates the glider and shortens the roll-out — this is the recommended technique. Landing diagonally downhill (option C) risks ground-looping. Using wheel brakes without airbrakes (option D) may be ineffective or cause a nose-over on rough terrain. Landing with gear retracted and stalled (option A) is dangerous and unnecessary.
2417	2969
	2970	+
	2971	+#### Source
	2972	+
	2973	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2418	2974	### Q117: What must be verified before any change of direction during glide? ^t70q117
2419	2975
2420	2976	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q117) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q117)
..	..	@@ -2431,6 +2987,13 @@
2431	2987	#### Explanation
2432	2988
2433	2989	Before initiating any turn during flight, the pilot must first check that the airspace in the intended direction is clear of other aircraft, obstacles, and restricted areas. A coordinated turn (option A) is always desirable but is secondary to the lookout. Thermal clouds (option C) and loose objects (option B) are not safety priorities before a heading change. Collision avoidance through a proper lookout is the primary concern.
	2990	+
	2991	+
	2992	+#### Source
	2993	+
	2994	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q148 p.34](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=34) (score: 0.21)
	2995	+- [QuizVDS Q60](../../Examen%20Blanc/QuizVDS/70%20-%20Operational%20Procedures.md#^q60): Answer D
	2996	+- PDF Answer: B
2434	2997
2435	2998	### Q118: Before a winch launch you detect a light tailwind. What must be considered? ^t70q118
2436	2999
..	..	@@ -2449,6 +3012,10 @@
2449	3012
2450	3013	A tailwind during winch launch means the aircraft has a lower airspeed relative to the ground at any given ground speed, so more ground roll is needed before reaching flying speed — liftoff takes longer and the pilot must monitor the airspeed carefully. Tailwind does not reduce the required cable tension rating (option A). Tailwind from behind reduces effective airspeed, so the roll is longer, not shorter (option D is incorrect). Pulling back immediately after liftoff in a tailwind is hazardous (option C).
2451	3014
	3015	+
	3016	+#### Source
	3017	+
	3018	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2452	3019	### Q119: During the approach for landing in a strong crosswind, how should the base-to-final turn be flown? ^t70q119
2453	3020
2454	3021	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q119) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q119)
..	..	@@ -2468,6 +3035,10 @@
2468	3035
2469	3036	- Options A and C allow up to 60° bank, which is excessive and dangerous near the ground.
2470	3037
	3038	+
	3039	+#### Source
	3040	+
	3041	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2471	3042	### Q120: While thermalling, another sailplane follows closely behind. What should you do to avoid a collision? ^t70q120
2472	3043
2473	3044	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q120) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q120)
..	..	@@ -2485,6 +3056,10 @@
2485	3056
2486	3057	When two sailplanes are circling in the same thermal in close proximity, the most effective way to create separation is to increase speed, which increases the turn radius and moves the faster aircraft to a position opposite in the circle (180° apart), creating the maximum safe separation. Reducing speed (option C) tightens the radius and closes the gap. Reducing bank (option B) also increases radius but slowly. Increasing bank (option A) makes the glider smaller in profile but does not solve the proximity problem.
2487	3058
	3059	+
	3060	+#### Source
	3061	+
	3062	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2488	3063	### Q121: What altitudes should be planned for the landing pattern phases in a glider? ^t70q121
2489	3064
2490	3065	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q121) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q121)
..	..	@@ -2505,6 +3080,10 @@
2505	3080	#### Key Terms
2506	3081
2507	3082	AGL = Above Ground Level
	3083	+
	3084	+#### Source
	3085	+
	3086	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2508	3087	### Q122: How should a glider be secured when strong winds are observed? ^t70q122
2509	3088
2510	3089	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q122) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q122)
..	..	@@ -2522,6 +3101,10 @@
2522	3101
2523	3102	In strong winds, the windward (upwind) wing should be placed on the ground to prevent the wind from getting under it and flipping the aircraft. The wing is then weighted down with a sandbag or similar weight, and the control surfaces (rudder) are secured to prevent them from being damaged by aerodynamic buffeting. Pointing the nose into wind (options A and B) presents a large fuselage surface to cross-gusts and does not protect the wings. Placing the downwind wing on the ground (option C) allows the upwind wing to be lifted by the wind.
2524	3103
	3104	+
	3105	+#### Source
	3106	+
	3107	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2525	3108	### Q123: What must be considered when crossing mountain ridges? ^t70q123
2526	3109
2527	3110	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q123) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q123)
..	..	@@ -2539,6 +3122,10 @@
2539	3122
2540	3123	Mountain ridges produce significant turbulence on the lee side and in the rotor zone, but turbulence can also occur directly at the ridge crest. Flying slightly faster than normal provides better control authority and reduces the risk of a stall in turbulence. Reducing to minimum speed (option B) is dangerous as turbulence could cause the aircraft to stall. Overflight of national parks (option A) is a regulatory matter, not a primary safety consideration when crossing ridges. Circling birds indicate thermals (option C) but this does not address the turbulence hazard of ridge crossing.
2541	3124
	3125	+
	3126	+#### Source
	3127	+
	3128	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2542	3129	### Q124: What does "buffeting" felt through the elevator stick indicate? ^t70q124
2543	3130
2544	3131	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q124) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q124)
..	..	@@ -2559,6 +3146,10 @@
2559	3146	#### Key Terms
2560	3147
2561	3148	CG = Centre of Gravity
	3149	+
	3150	+#### Source
	3151	+
	3152	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2562	3153	### Q125: When must a pre-flight check be performed? ^t70q125
2563	3154
2564	3155	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q125) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q125)
..	..	@@ -2578,6 +3169,10 @@
2578	3169
2579	3170	- Option B ('before every flight') is too broad and would be burdensome; it is the daily first-flight and pilot-change rule that is standard practice.
2580	3171
	3172	+
	3173	+#### Source
	3174	+
	3175	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2581	3176	### Q126: How is the term "flight time" defined? ^t70q126
2582	3177
2583	3178	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q126) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q126)
..	..	@@ -2602,6 +3197,13 @@
2602	3197	#### Key Terms
2603	3198
2604	3199	ICAO = International Civil Aviation Organization
	3200	+
	3201	+#### Source
	3202	+
	3203	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q177 p.40](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=40) (score: 0.28)
	3204	+- [QuizVDS Q2](../../Examen%20Blanc/QuizVDS/70%20-%20Operational%20Procedures.md#^q2): Answer C
	3205	+- PDF Answer: C
	3206	+
2605	3207	### Q127: During approach, the tower reports: "Wind 15 knots, gusts 25 knots." How should the landing be performed? ^t70q127
2606	3208
2607	3209	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q127) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q127)
..	..	@@ -2619,6 +3221,10 @@
2619	3221
2620	3222	With strong gusts (here: wind 15 kt, gusts 25 kt — a 10 kt spread), the pilot must add a gust allowance to the normal approach speed to ensure that a sudden drop in airspeed caused by a gust does not reduce speed below the stall speed. Firm rudder inputs are needed to correct attitude changes caused by the gusty conditions. Minimum speed (option A) provides no safety margin in gusts. Normal speed without gust correction (option C) is insufficient. Avoiding spoilers/airbrakes (option B) removes the ability to control the glide path precisely.
2621	3223
	3224	+
	3225	+#### Source
	3226	+
	3227	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2622	3228	### Q128: What does buffeting felt through the elevator stick indicate? ^t70q128
2623	3229
2624	3230	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q128) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q128)
..	..	@@ -2644,6 +3250,10 @@
2644	3250
2645	3251	CG = Centre of Gravity
2646	3252
	3253	+
	3254	+#### Source
	3255	+
	3256	+- [?] Source non identifiée
2647	3257	### Q129: Which system is available at every aerodrome for meteorological briefing for glider flights? ^t70q129
2648	3258
2649	3259	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q129) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q129)
..	..	@@ -2662,6 +3272,12 @@
2662	3272	AMIE (Automated Meteorological Information for Enquirers) is the automated weather briefing system available at all Swiss aerodromes. It provides pilots with standardised pre-flight weather information for glider operations.
2663	3273
2664	3274	---
	3275	+
	3276	+
	3277	+#### Source
	3278	+
	3279	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q45 p.187](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=187) (score: 0.52)
	3280	+- PDF Answer: B
2665	3281
2666	3282	### Q130: In which section of the AIP can you find specific regulations for glider operations in Switzerland? ^t70q130
2667	3283
..	..	@@ -2682,6 +3298,12 @@
2682	3298
2683	3299	---
2684	3300
	3301	+
	3302	+#### Source
	3303	+
	3304	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q45 p.187](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=187) (score: 0.40)
	3305	+- PDF Answer: B
	3306	+
2685	3307	### Q131: What does the manoeuvring speed V(A) represent? ^t70q131
2686	3308
2687	3309	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q131) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q131)
..	..	@@ -2700,6 +3322,12 @@
2700	3322	V(A) is the manoeuvring speed - the maximum speed at which full and abrupt control deflections can be applied without exceeding the structural design limits of the aircraft. Below V(A), the wing will stall before structural damage occurs.
2701	3323
2702	3324	---
	3325	+
	3326	+
	3327	+#### Source
	3328	+
	3329	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q49 p.188](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=188) (score: 0.79)
	3330	+- PDF Answer: A
2703	3331
2704	3332	### Q132: A glide ratio of 45 means: ^t70q132
2705	3333
..	..	@@ -2724,6 +3352,12 @@
2724	3352
2725	3353	---
2726	3354
	3355	+
	3356	+#### Source
	3357	+
	3358	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q35 p.187](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=187) (score: 1.00)
	3359	+- PDF Answer: D
	3360	+
2727	3361	### Q133: What is the risk of flying a glider above V(NE)? ^t70q133
2728	3362
2729	3363	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q133) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q133)
..	..	@@ -2742,6 +3376,12 @@
2742	3376	Exceeding V(NE) (never-exceed speed) risks aeroelastic flutter - a self-sustaining, potentially catastrophic oscillation of structural components. Flutter can develop rapidly and lead to structural failure. V(NE) is the absolute speed limit that must never be exceeded.
2743	3377
2744	3378	---
	3379	+
	3380	+
	3381	+#### Source
	3382	+
	3383	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q27 p.185](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=185) (score: 1.00)
	3384	+- PDF Answer: C
2745	3385
2746	3386	### Q134: In which speed range can structural overload occur? ^t70q134
2747	3387
..	..	@@ -2762,6 +3402,12 @@
2762	3402
2763	3403	---
2764	3404
	3405	+
	3406	+#### Source
	3407	+
	3408	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q81 p.228](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=228) (score: 0.80)
	3409	+- PDF Answer: B
	3410	+
2765	3411	### Q135: Compared to straight and level flight, the stall speed in a banked turn is: ^t70q135
2766	3412
2767	3413	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q135) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q135)
..	..	@@ -2780,6 +3426,12 @@
2780	3426	In a banked turn, the wing must support a higher load factor (n = 1/cos(bank angle)) to maintain altitude. Since stall speed increases with the square root of the load factor, stall speed increases significantly in steep turns. At 60° bank, stall speed is 1.41 times the wings-level value.
2781	3427
2782	3428	---
	3429	+
	3430	+
	3431	+#### Source
	3432	+
	3433	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q26 p.185](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=185) (score: 1.00)
	3434	+- PDF Answer: B
2783	3435
2784	3436	### Q136: What is the consequence of repeatedly exceeding the maximum permissible load factor? ^t70q136
2785	3437
..	..	@@ -2800,6 +3452,12 @@
2800	3452
2801	3453	---
2802	3454
	3455	+
	3456	+#### Source
	3457	+
	3458	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q31 p.186](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=186) (score: 0.81)
	3459	+- PDF Answer: C
	3460	+
2803	3461	### Q137: Why is it dangerous to fly at minimum speed in strong turbulence? ^t70q137
2804	3462
2805	3463	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q137) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q137)
..	..	@@ -2818,6 +3476,12 @@
2818	3476	In turbulence, gusts can change the effective angle of attack suddenly. Flying near minimum speed (close to stall) leaves almost no margin: a downward gust can instantly push the wing beyond the critical angle of attack, causing an unexpected stall. The recommended turbulence penetration speed provides adequate stall margin.
2819	3477
2820	3478	---
	3479	+
	3480	+
	3481	+#### Source
	3482	+
	3483	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q33 p.186](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=186) (score: 1.00)
	3484	+- PDF Answer: D
2821	3485
2822	3486	### Q138: When lost and uncertain of your position, which radio service can provide a bearing to help you navigate? ^t70q138
2823	3487
..	..	@@ -2838,6 +3502,12 @@
2838	3502
2839	3503	---
2840	3504
	3505	+
	3506	+#### Source
	3507	+
	3508	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q107 p.200](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=200) (score: 0.68)
	3509	+- PDF Answer: B
	3510	+
2841	3511	### Q139: What colour coding identifies medical oxygen cylinders approved for aviation use? ^t70q139
2842	3512
2843	3513	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q139) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q139)
..	..	@@ -2857,6 +3527,12 @@
2857	3527
2858	3528	---
2859	3529
	3530	+
	3531	+#### Source
	3532	+
	3533	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q121 p.203](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=203) (score: 0.82)
	3534	+- PDF Answer: B
	3535	+
2860	3536	### Q140: Which external factor most significantly reduces the strength of a parachute? ^t70q140
2861	3537
2862	3538	[DE](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20DE/70%20-%20Betriebliche%20Verfahren.md#^t70q140) · [FR](../SPL%20Exam%20Questions%20FR/70%20-%20Proc%C3%A9dures%20op%C3%A9rationnelles.md#^t70q140)
..	..	@@ -2874,3 +3550,9 @@
2874	3550
2875	3551	UV radiation from sunlight degrades nylon and other synthetic fibres used in parachute canopies and lines. Even brief exposure to direct sunlight causes measurable strength reduction, which is why parachutes must be stored away from light, regularly inspected, and repacked by qualified riggers within mandatory intervals.
2876	3552
	3553	+
	3554	+
	3555	+#### Source
	3556	+
	3557	+- Examen Blanc: [VV Q123 p.203](Questionnaire%20toutes%20branches%20VV.pdf#page=203) (score: 1.00)
	3558	+- PDF Answer: D