1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
| | {
| | "50": [
| | {
| | "num": 16,
| | "text": "Which conditions are likely for the formation of advection fog?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Warm, humid air cools during a cloudy night",
| | "B": "Cold, humid air moves over a warm ocean",
| | "C": "Humidity evaporates from warm, humid ground into cold air",
| | "D": "Warm, humid air moves over a cold surface"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 17,
| | "text": "What process results in the formation of \"advection fog\"?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Cold, moist air is being moved across warm ground areas",
| | "B": "Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air",
| | "C": "Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds",
| | "D": "Warm, moist air is moved across cold ground areas"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 18,
| | "text": "What pressure pattern can be observed when a cold front is passing?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Continually increasing pressure",
| | "B": "Shortly decreasing, thereafter increasing pressure",
| | "C": "Continually decreasing pressure",
| | "D": "Constant pressure pattern"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 19,
| | "text": "What frontal line divides subtropical air from polar cold air, in particular across Central Europe?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Warm front",
| | "B": "Cold front",
| | "C": "Occlusion",
| | "D": "Polar front"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 20,
| | "text": "What weather conditions in Central Europe are typically found in high pressure areas during summer?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Large isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems",
| | "B": "Small isobar spacing with calm winds, formation of local wind systems",
| | "C": "Large isobar spacing with strong prevailing westerly winds",
| | "D": "Small isobar spacing with strong prevailing northerly winds"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 21,
| | "text": "What weather conditions can be expected in high pressure areas during winter?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Calm winds and widespread areas with high fog",
| | "B": "Changing weather with passing of frontal lines",
| | "C": "Squall lines and thunderstorms",
| | "D": "Calm weather and cloud dissipation, few high Cu"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 22,
| | "text": "What temperatures are most dangerous with respect to airframe icing?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": ".+20° to -5° C",
| | "B": ".-20° to -40° C",
| | "C": ".+5° to -10° C",
| | "D": "0° to -12° C"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 23,
| | "text": "Which type of ice forms by large, supercooled droplets hitting the front surfaces of an aircraft?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Hoar frost",
| | "B": "Clear ice",
| | "C": "Rime ice",
| | "D": "Mixed ice"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 24,
| | "text": "What conditions are mandatory for the formation of thermal thunderstorms?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity",
| | "B": "Absolutely stable atmosphere, high temperature and low humidity",
| | "C": "Conditionally unstable atmosphere, high temperature and high humidity",
| | "D": "Conditionally unstable atmosphere, low temperature and low humidity"
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 25,
| | "text": "Which stage of a thunderstorm is dominated by updrafts?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Dissipating stage",
| | "B": "Mature stage",
| | "C": "Cumulus stage",
| | "D": "Upwind stage"
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 26,
| | "text": "Heavy downdrafts and strong wind shear close to the ground can be expected...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Near the rainfall areas of heavy showers or thunderstorms.",
| | "B": "During approach to an airfield at the coast with a strong sea breeze.",
| | "C": "During cold, clear nights with the formation of radiation fog.",
| | "D": "During warm summer days with high, flatted Cu clouds."
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 27,
| | "text": "Which weather chart shows the actual air pressure as in MSL along with pressure centers and fronts?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Wind chart",
| | "B": "Surface weather chart",
| | "C": "Prognostic chart",
| | "D": "Hypsometric chart"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 28,
| | "text": "What information can be obtained from satallite images?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Overview of cloud covers and front lines",
| | "B": "Turbulence and icing",
| | "C": "Temperature and dew point of environmental air",
| | "D": "Flight visibility, ground visibility, and ground contact"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 29,
| | "text": "What information can be found in the ATIS, but not in a METAR?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Operational information such as runway in use and transition level",
| | "B": "Information about current weather, for example types of precipitation",
| | "C": "Approach information, such as ground visibility and cloud base",
| | "D": "Information about mean wind speeds, maximum speeds in gusts if applicable"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 30,
| | "text": "What type of cloud indicates thermal updrafts?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Stratus",
| | "B": "Cirrus",
| | "C": "Cumulus",
| | "D": "Lenticularis"
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 36,
| | "text": "The saturated adiabatic lapse rate is...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Equal to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.",
| | "B": "Higher than the dry adiabatic lapse rate.",
| | "C": "Proportional to the dry adiabatic lapse rate.",
| | "D": "Lower than the dry adiabatic lapse rate."
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 37,
| | "text": "The dry adiabatic lapse rate has a value of...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "0,65° C / 100 m.",
| | "B": "1,0° C / 100 m.",
| | "C": "2° / 1000 ft.",
| | "D": "0,6° C / 100 m."
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 38,
| | "text": "What weather conditions may be expected during conditionally unstable conditions?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Towering cumulus, isolated showers of rain or thunderstorms",
| | "B": "Layered clouds up to high levels, prolonged rain or snow",
| | "C": "Sky clear of clouds, sunshine, low winds",
| | "D": "Shallow cumulus clouds with base at medium levels"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 39,
| | "text": "What cloud type does the picture show? See figure (MET-004). Siehe Anlage 3",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Altocumulus",
| | "B": "Cirrus",
| | "C": "Cumulus",
| | "D": "Stratus"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 40,
| | "text": "The formation of medium to large precipitation particles requires...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Strong updrafts.",
| | "B": "An inversion layer.",
| | "C": "A high cloud base.",
| | "D": "Strong wind."
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 41,
| | "text": "The symbol labeled (2) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) Siehe Anlage 4",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Front aloft.",
| | "B": "Cold front.",
| | "C": "Occlusion.",
| | "D": "Warm front."
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 42,
| | "text": "What visual flight conditions can be expected within the warm sector of a polar front low during summer time?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Good visibility, some isolated high clouds",
| | "B": "Moderate to good visibility, scattered clouds",
| | "C": "Visibilty less than 1000 m, cloud-covered ground",
| | "D": "Moderate visibility, heavy showers and thunderstorms"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 43,
| | "text": "What visual flight conditions can be expected after the passage of a cold front?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Good visiblity, formation of cumulus clouds with showers of rain or snow",
| | "B": "Poor visibility, formation of overcast or ground-covering stratus clouds, snow",
| | "C": "Scattered cloud layers, visbility more than 5 km, formation of shallow cumulus clouds",
| | "D": "Medium visibility with lowering cloud bases, onset of prolonged precipitation"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 44,
| | "text": "What is the usual direction of movement of a polar front low?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Parallel to the the warm-sector isobars",
| | "B": "To the northeast during winter, to the southeast during summer",
| | "C": "Parallel to the warm front line to the south",
| | "D": "To the northwest during winter, to the southwest during summer"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 45,
| | "text": "What pressure pattern can be observed during the passage of a polar front low?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Rising pressure in front of the warm front, constant pressure within the warm sector, rising pressure behind the cold front",
| | "B": "Rising pressure in front of the warm front, rising pressure within the warm sector, falling pressure behind the cold front",
| | "C": "Falling pressure in front of the warm front, constant pressure within the warm sector, rising pressure behind the cold front",
| | "D": "Falling pressure in front of the warm front, constant pressure within the warm sector, falling pressure behind the cold front"
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 46,
| | "text": "What change of wind direction can be expected during the passage of a polar front low in Central Europe?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Backing wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front",
| | "B": "Veering wind during passage of the warm front, veering wind during passage of the cold front",
| | "C": "Veering wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front",
| | "D": "Backing wind during passage of the warm front, backing wind during passage of the cold front"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 47,
| | "text": "What pressure pattern may result from cold-air inflow in high tropospheric layers?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Alternating pressure",
| | "B": "Formation of a large ground low",
| | "C": "Formation of a high in the upper troposphere",
| | "D": "Formation of a low in the upper troposphere"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 48,
| | "text": "Cold air inflow in high tropospheric layers may result in...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Showers and thunderstorms.",
| | "B": "Frontal weather.",
| | "C": "Calm weather and cloud dissipation",
| | "D": "Stabilisation and calm weather."
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 49,
| | "text": "How does inflowing cold air affect the shape and vertical distance between pressure layers?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Increasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)",
| | "B": "Decreasing vertical distance, raise in height (high pressure)",
| | "C": "Decrease in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)",
| | "D": "Increase in vertical distance, lowering in height (low pressure)"
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 50,
| | "text": "What weather conditions can be expected in high pressure areas during summer?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Calm weather and cloud dissipation, few high Cu",
| | "B": "Changing weather with passing of frontal lines",
| | "C": "Squall lines and thunderstorms",
| | "D": "Calm winds and widespread areas with high fog"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 51,
| | "text": "What weather conditions can be expected during \"Foehn\" on the windward side of a mountain range?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Layered clouds, mountains obscured, poor visibility, moderate or heavy rain",
| | "B": "Dissipating clouds with unusual warming, accompanied by strong, gusty winds",
| | "C": "Calm wind and forming of high stratus clouds (high fog)",
| | "D": "Scattered cumulus clouds with showers and thunderstorms"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 52,
| | "text": "What chart shows areas of precipitation?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Satellite picture",
| | "B": "Wind chart",
| | "C": "Radar picture",
| | "D": "GAFOR"
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 53,
| | "text": "An inversion is a layer ...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "With constant temperature with increasing height",
| | "B": "With increasing pressure with increasing height.",
| | "C": "With increasing temperature with increasing height.",
| | "D": "With decreasing temperature with increasing height."
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 61,
| | "text": "What condition may prevent the formation of \"radiation fog\"?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Calm wind",
| | "B": "Clear night, no clouds",
| | "C": "Low spread",
| | "D": "Overcast cloud cover"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 62,
| | "text": "The symbol labeled (3) as shown in the picture is a / an... See figure (MET-005) Siehe Anlage 4",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Cold front.",
| | "B": "Warm front.",
| | "C": "Front aloft.",
| | "D": "Occlusion."
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 63,
| | "text": "A boundary between a cold polar air mass and a warm subtropical air mass showing no horizontal displacement is called...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Cold front.",
| | "B": "Warm front.",
| | "C": "Stationary front.",
| | "D": "Occluded front."
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 64,
| | "text": "What situation may result in the occurrence of severe wind shear?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Flying ahead of a warm front with visible Ci clouds",
| | "B": "Cross-country flying below Cu clouds with about 4 octas coverage",
| | "C": "During final approach, 30 min after a heavy shower has passed the airfield",
| | "D": "When a shower is visible close to the airfield"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 65,
| | "text": "What kind of reduction in visibility is not very sensitive to changes in temperature?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Radiation fog (FG)",
| | "B": "Mist (BR)",
| | "C": "Patches of fog (BCFG)",
| | "D": "Haze (HZ)"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 66,
| | "text": "In a METAR, \"(moderate) showers of rain\" are designated by the identifier...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": ".+TSRA",
| | "B": "SHRA.",
| | "C": "TS.",
| | "D": ".+RA."
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 67,
| | "text": "SIGMET warnings are issued for...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Specific routings.",
| | "B": "Countries.",
| | "C": "FIRs / UIRs.",
| | "D": "Airports."
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 68,
| | "text": "Mountain side updrafts can be intensified by ...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Solar irradiation on the lee side",
| | "B": "Thermal radiation of the windward side during the night",
| | "C": "Solar irradiation on the windward side",
| | "D": "By warming of upper atmospheric layers"
| | },
| | "correct": "C"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 76,
| | "text": "Clouds in high layers are referred to as...",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Cirro-.",
| | "B": "Strato-.",
| | "C": "Nimbo-.",
| | "D": "Alto-."
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 77,
| | "text": "What factor may affect the top of cumulus clouds?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "The spread",
| | "B": "Relative humidity",
| | "C": "The absolute humidity",
| | "D": "The presence of an inversion layer"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 78,
| | "text": "What factors may indicate a tendency to fog formation?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Strong winds, decreasing temperature",
| | "B": "Low spread, decreasing temperature",
| | "C": "Low pressure, increasing temperature",
| | "D": "Low spread, increasing temperature"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 79,
| | "text": "What process results in the formation of \"orographic fog\" (\"hill fog\")?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Prolonged radiation during nights clear of clouds",
| | "B": "Warm, moist air is moved across a hill or a mountain range",
| | "C": "Evaporation from warm, moist ground area into very cold air",
| | "D": "Cold, moist air mixes with warm, moist air"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 80,
| | "text": "What factors are required for the formation of precipitation in clouds?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "The presence of an inversion layer",
| | "B": "Moderate to strong updrafts",
| | "C": "Calm winds and intensive sunlight insolation",
| | "D": "High humidity and high temperatures"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 81,
| | "text": "What wind conditions can be expected in areas showing large distances between isobars?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Strong prevailing westerly winds with rapid veering",
| | "B": "Strong prevailing easterly winds with rapid backing",
| | "C": "Formation of local wind systems with strong prevailing westerly winds",
| | "D": "Variable winds, formation of local wind systems"
| | },
| | "correct": "D"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 82,
| | "text": "Under which conditions \"back side weather\" (\"Rückseitenwetter\") can be expected?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "After passing of a cold front",
| | "B": "Before passing of an occlusion",
| | "C": "During Foehn at the lee side",
| | "D": "After passing of a warm front"
| | },
| | "correct": "A"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 83,
| | "text": "What wind is reportet as 225/15 ?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "North-east wind with 15 kt",
| | "B": "South-west wind with 15 kt",
| | "C": "South-west wind with 15 km/h",
| | "D": "North-east wind with 15 km/h"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | },
| | {
| | "num": 84,
| | "text": "What weather is likely to be experienced during \"Foehn\" in the Bavarian area close to the alps?",
| | "options": {
| | "A": "Cold, humid downhill wind on the lee side of the alps, flat pressure pattern",
| | "B": "Nimbostratus cloud in the southern alps, rotor clouds at the lee side, warm and dry wind",
| | "C": "High pressure area overhead Biskaya and low pressure area in Eastern Europe",
| | "D": "Nimbostratus cloud in the northern alps, rotor clouds at the windward side, warm and dry wind"
| | },
| | "correct": "B"
| | }
| | ]
| | }
|
|